Swan Neck Deformity is a finger condition where the finger bends abnormally at the middle joint (proximal interphalangeal joint, or PIP) while the tip of the finger (distal interphalangeal joint, or DIP) bends in the opposite direction. This results in a zigzag appearance that resembles a swan’s neck.
Causes of Swan Neck Deformity
- Rheumatoid Arthritis: The most common cause, where chronic inflammation leads to joint damage and deformity.
- Injury or Trauma: Damage to the finger tendons or joints can result in an imbalance, leading to the deformity.
- Ligament Laxity: Hyperextension of the PIP joint due to loose ligaments.
- Neurological Conditions: Diseases like cerebral palsy or stroke can cause muscle imbalances, resulting in deformities.
- Other Arthritis Forms: Conditions like psoriatic arthritis or lupus can also contribute
Symptoms of Swan Neck Deformity
- Visible Deformity: The characteristic bend in the finger.
- Pain and Swelling: Particularly in the affected joints.
- Stiffness: Difficulty in bending or straightening the finger.
- Loss of Function: Problems with grasping or pinching objects.
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Diagnosing Swan Neck Deformity
Non-Surgical Treatments:
- Splinting: Custom splints can help maintain proper finger alignment.
- Physical Therapy: Exercises to improve strength and flexibility.
- Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce pain and swelling.
- Occupational Therapy: Techniques to adapt daily activities and use assistive devices.
Surgical Treatments:
- Soft Tissue Surgery: Procedures to tighten or balance the tendons and ligaments.
- Joint Fusion: Fusing the affected joints to prevent further deformity.
- Joint Replacement: Replacing damaged joints with artificial implants.
Living with Swan Neck Deformity
Managing Swan Neck Deformity involves a combination of medical treatment and lifestyle adjustments. Regular follow-ups with healthcare providers
